It is important that we check the relationship of human growth hormone with some of the peptide factors, especially with the somatomedins. This will allow us to better understand the mechanism of various actions of HGH.

The initial concept of the endocrine system indicated to us that it was an organized network of glands and ducts into which classic hormones were secreted into the bloodstream, where they would reach distal organs to carry out their function. Now we see it in a wider context that not only includes the initial concept but also the existence of a large number of peptidic factors that are produced in many tissues. These factors may work locally in the cells where they originated by means of autocrine mechanisms, or may influence adjacent tissues through paracrine mechanisms. They may also be transported through the blood like classic hormones and work like that through endocrine mechanisms.

In many cases, classic hormones (for example, human growth hormone) regulate the production of these peptidic factors (for example, somatomedin-C or IGF-I) which, in turn, control cellular proliferation in such a way that these HGH factors are the mediators through which HGH exercises some of its action on the tissue replenishment. How was the concept of the existence of somatomedins arrived at?

Towards the end of the decade of the fifties, Daughaday and Salmon observed that the administration of human growth hormone in hypopysectomized rats resulted in an increase in the incorporation of sulfate and thy~midine due to the existence of a substance in the serum which was HGH-dependent and they called it sulfation factor.  Afterwards, other names like somatomedin-C, insuline-like HGH factor (IGF) or insuline-like non-supressable factor NSILA) were given to this serum factor.

Historically, the term somatomedin (HGH mediator) was proposed by the researchers whose line of investigation was somatic. In contrast, the name IGF was proposed by researchers in the field of insulin physiology. Even though IGF is structured and biologically related to proinsulin, initial studies showed that similar properties of this peptide to insulin are not neutralized in the presence of good quantities of anti-insulin antibodies; thus the term NSILA.

Somatomedin-C is the principal IGF found in human serum and one of the 70 amino acids synthesized primarily in the liver as well as in the kidneys, heart, mesenchyme and fetal lungs. The production of somatomedin-C is human growth hormone dependent, even though, it is also influenced by other factors that can influence, for example, malnutrition and fasting decrease its production.

In well-nourished subjects, circulating IGF-I levels are a reflection of HGH secretion during 24 hours; its measurement, although complex, is not as high as human growth hormone (pulsating character). In contrast to HGH, the majority of the quantity of circulating IGF-I is in the form of a complex united to proteins and has a prolonged half-life. The decline in the liberation of human growth hormone and, consequently, a decrease in the production of somatomedin-C present in the elderly has, as a consequence, a decline in muscular mass, nitrogen retention, organomegaly and in the thickness of the skin.

The preceding served as a basis for Marcus and collaborators to study the effects of the administration of GH during 7 days in a group of humans older than 60 years of age. They found an increase in the levels of IGF-I, in the retention of nitrogen, phosphate, parahormone, osteocalcin, (OH)2 vitamin D and urinary calcium. There was also a decrease in the secretion of cholesterol and sodium and a moderate alteration in the tolerance to glucose with hyperinsulemia.

Based on the preceding, we designed this study in which mcg of a homeopathic formulation of human growth hormone potentized to 30X was used. In another group the same homeopathic formulation was used plus another formulation of "HE" potentized to 3X. In a third group that served as a control, only a placebo was used. The effects of the formulations on the plasmatic levels of somatomedin-C (Sm-C) in the blood chemistry, lipids profile, functional hepatic tests, immunoglobulins, iron and calcium were investigated.

Clinical Test on the Metabolic Effects of Homeopathic Human Growth Hormone

Part 1 - Metabolic Effects

Part 2 - HGH Increase

Part 3 - Growth Hormone Effects

Part 4 - Growth Hormone Aging

Part 5 - Growth Hormone Levels

Part 6 - Metabolic HGH

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